<\/p>\n
R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259 “g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n”, kreditd\u0259 “g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259n”: Az\u0259rbaycanda qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maliyy\u0259 paradoksu diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -R\u0259smi statistika, d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar\u0131 v\u0259 akademik ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar \u0259sas\u0131nda apard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u0259hlilinin yekunu olaraq ayd\u0131n oldu ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u0259smi r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259\u015fviqedici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, s\u00f6zd\u0259 y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 qad\u0131n \u00f6z biznesl\u0259rini qurub, d\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 “qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u0259st\u0259k” m\u00f6vzusu tez-tez s\u0259sl\u0259ns\u0259 d\u0259 reall\u0131q \u00fcr\u0259ka\u00e7an deyil.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu ara\u015fd\u0131rmada bir sual\u0131 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131q: r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rin arxas\u0131nda \u0259slind\u0259 n\u0259 ba\u015f verir? Qad\u0131n sahibkarlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259klif etdiyi g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli maliyy\u0259 mexanizml\u0259rind\u0259n n\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 real \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yararlana bilir?<\/span><\/p>\n Cavab g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz kimi, r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rin ilk bax\u0131\u015fda g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyind\u0259n xeyli f\u0259rqlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n 1. B\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259q\u0259m: 300 000+ qad\u0131n sahibkar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00f6vl\u0259t Statistika Komit\u0259sinin m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u00fcquqi \u015f\u0259xs yaratmadan sahibkarl\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan, qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7mi\u015f qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n say\u0131 300 mind\u0259n \u00e7oxdur.<\/span><\/p>\n – Onlar\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259t b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc bel\u0259dir:<\/span> Bu ilk bax\u0131\u015fda g\u00fccl\u00fc bir r\u0259q\u0259mdir. Amma sual yaran\u0131r, bu 300 min qad\u0131ndan ne\u00e7\u0259si d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259klif etdiyi g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli maliyy\u0259 resurslar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bilir?<\/span><\/p>\n 2. Ki\u00e7ik r\u0259q\u0259m: kredit alan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n say\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Burada m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/span> R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri yan-yana qoyduqda m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 ayd\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n – 2023-c\u00fc ild\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 4 100-4 200 sahibkar S\u0130F-d\u0259n kredit al\u0131bsa (2024-c\u00fc il r\u0259q\u0259minin 74,7%-lik art\u0131mdan geriy\u0259 hesablanmas\u0131 il\u0259), bunun c\u0259mi 251-i, y\u0259ni t\u0259xmin\u0259n h\u0259r 17 kredit alan\u0131ndan biri qad\u0131n olub. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n \u00fcmumi sayda pay\u0131 (t\u0259xmin\u0259n 30-35%, \u00e7\u00fcnki qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n KOB-lar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00fcmumi pay\u0131 bu civarda qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir) il\u0259 kredit alanlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 pay\u0131 (~6%) aras\u0131nda k\u0259skin u\u00e7urum var.<\/span><\/p>\n (Qeyd: Fondun illik hesabatlar\u0131nda qad\u0131n-ki\u015fi b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczr\u0259 tam r\u0259smi c\u0259dv\u0259li ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259madi a\u00e7\u0131qlanm\u0131r, bunun \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131q bax\u0131m\u0131ndan bir problemdir v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n metodoloji m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tidir.)<\/span><\/p>\n 3. Metodoloji problem: “300 000 qad\u0131n sahibkar” kimdir?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u018fvv\u0259lki b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259 istinad etdiyimiz 300 000+ r\u0259q\u0259mi diqq\u0259tl\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu r\u0259q\u0259min t\u0259rkibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259n xeyli m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bdir.<\/span><\/p>\n H\u00fcquqi mexanizm bel\u0259dir: Az\u0259rbaycanda xidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si (podrat, tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q, m\u00fc\u0259lliflik m\u00fcqavil\u0259si v\u0259 s.) \u0259sas\u0131nda g\u0259lir \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n ist\u0259nil\u0259n fiziki \u015f\u0259xs -bu, jurnalist, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i, dizayner, m\u00fchasib, frilanser proqram\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r s\u0259rb\u0259st pe\u015f\u0259 sahibi ola bil\u0259r. Qanuni \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 V\u00d6EN a\u00e7\u0131b vergi \u00f6d\u0259yicisi kimi qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7m\u0259li, y\u0259ni formal olaraq f\u0259rdi sahibkar statusu almal\u0131d\u0131r. Vergil\u0259r Nazirliyinin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131qlamas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, bu t\u0259l\u0259b h\u0259tta bir d\u0259f\u0259lik v\u0259 ya q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli xidm\u0259t haqq\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, frilanser sayt\u0131ndan qazanc \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xs bunu na\u011fdla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 V\u00d6EN a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span> -Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, Vergil\u0259r Nazirliyinin \u00f6z s\u0259n\u0259dind\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q da var, qanun \u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin xidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z olunmas\u0131n\u0131 qada\u011fan edir, \u00e7\u00fcnki b\u0259zi i\u015f\u0259g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nl\u0259r m\u0259hz sosial \u00f6hd\u0259likd\u0259n (m\u0259cburi d\u00f6vl\u0259t sosial s\u0131\u011fortas\u0131, icbari tibbi s\u0131\u011forta v\u0259 dig\u0259r i\u015f\u0259g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259ri) yay\u0131nmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7ini r\u0259smi \u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 f\u0259rdi sahibkar kimi qeydiyyatdan ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 “t\u0259\u015fviq edir”. Y\u0259ni b\u0259zi hallarda “sahibkarl\u0131q statusu” k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc se\u00e7im deyil, faktiki i\u015f\u0259g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nin t\u0259zyiqi il\u0259 formala\u015fan bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259tdir.<\/span><\/p>\n Bunun ara\u015fd\u0131rmaya t\u0259siri n\u0259dir?<\/span><\/p>\n -Bu o dem\u0259kdir ki, “300 000 qad\u0131n sahibkar” r\u0259q\u0259mi ehtimal ki, bir-birind\u0259n k\u00f6kl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n iki qrupu qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Real biznes qurmu\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7i i\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n, investisiya v\u0259 inki\u015faf plan\u0131 olan sahibkarlar – kredit resurslar\u0131na ehtiyac\u0131 ola bil\u0259n qrup.<\/span> -Bu iki qrupun nisb\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q, ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f r\u0259smi statistika m\u00f6vcud deyil. D\u00f6vl\u0259t Statistika Komit\u0259si v\u0259 Vergil\u0259r Nazirliyi “f\u0259rdi sahibkar” kateqoriyas\u0131n\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t sah\u0259si (k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, ticar\u0259t, xidm\u0259t) \u00fczr\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcr, lakin “real biznes” il\u0259 “xidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u0259sas\u0131nda m\u0259cburi V\u00d6EN sahibi” aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131-se\u00e7kilik aparm\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n -Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259si ara\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n \u0259sas tap\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir?<\/span><\/p>\n Bu, \u0259vv\u0259lki b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyimiz “kredit alanlar aras\u0131nda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n pay\u0131 ~6%” tap\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etibars\u0131z etmir, lakin onu daha ehtiyatla oxuma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir:<\/span> Eyni zamanda, \u0259g\u0259r bu “m\u0259cburi V\u00d6EN” holderl\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti, jurnalistika, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259, dizayn kimi sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar aras\u0131nda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n nisb\u0259t\u0259n \u00e7ox oldu\u011fu bilin\u0259n sah\u0259l\u0259rdirs\u0259, onda “qad\u0131n sahibkar” statistikas\u0131 ki\u015fi sahibkarlara nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha \u00e7ox “qeyri-real” sahibkarlarla \u015fi\u015firdilmi\u015f ola bil\u0259r, bu da faktiki u\u00e7urumu daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n -H\u0259r iki ssenari d\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr v\u0259 m\u00f6vcud a\u00e7\u0131q m\u0259lumatlarla bunlardan hans\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu d\u0259qiq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Bu, ara\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n \u0259n vacib metodoloji x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r: “qad\u0131n sahibkar” r\u0259q\u0259mini “qad\u0131n biznes sahibi” il\u0259 eynil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k s\u0259hvdir v\u0259 media, siyas\u0259t qurucular\u0131 bu f\u0259rqi n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almadan r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri \u015f\u0259rh etdikd\u0259, h\u0259m real problemi ki\u00e7ild\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015fi\u015fird\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r ki, bunu art\u0131q edirl\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n 4. Niy\u0259 bu u\u00e7urum m\u00f6vcuddur? Ekspert v\u0259 akademik t\u0259hlil<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -Bu sual\u0131n cavab\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131z r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259n deyil, m\u00f6vzunu ara\u015fd\u0131ran iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n d\u0259 tapmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span> Akademik ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar is\u0259 struktur mane\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7 kateqoriyaya b\u00f6l\u00fcr (\u018fliyeva v\u0259 Zeynalovan\u0131n qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyas\u0259ti ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n):<\/span> Beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 qurumlar\u0131n\u0131n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 metodologiyas\u0131 da bunu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir – qad\u0131nlar\u0131n maliyy\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015fviqi ayr\u0131ca qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi kimi t\u0259hlil olunur, bu da onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, problem Az\u0259rbaycana xas deyil, lakin yerli kontekstd\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 k\u0259skindir.<\/span><\/p>\n 5. Paradoks: d\u0259st\u0259k b\u0259yanatlar\u0131 il\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n -R\u0259smi kommunikasiyada “qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6vl\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259yi” m\u00f6vzusu m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m vur\u011fulan\u0131r – nazirlik s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar, media materiallar\u0131, t\u0259lim proqramlar\u0131 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, kommersiya banklar\u0131n\u0131n qad\u0131n sahibkarlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn maliyy\u0259 savadl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259liml\u0259ri) – bunlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 m\u00f6vcuddur v\u0259 m\u00fcsb\u0259t add\u0131mlard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Lakin b\u0259yanat s\u0259viyy\u0259si il\u0259 kredit r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri aras\u0131ndak\u0131 uy\u011funsuzluq diqq\u0259t\u00e7\u0259kicidir: \u0259g\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 300 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox qeydiyyatl\u0131 qad\u0131n sahibkar varsa, illik y\u00fcz ne\u00e7\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli kredit almas\u0131, nisbi m\u0259nada, son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 dem\u0259kdir.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu o dem\u0259k deyil ki, d\u0259st\u0259k mexanizml\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259mir – sad\u0259c\u0259, bu mexanizml\u0259rin \u0259hat\u0259 dair\u0259si il\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131n miqyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ciddi bo\u015fluq var.<\/span><\/p>\n 6. Kontekst: bu, t\u0259crid olunmu\u015f problem deyil<\/span><\/p>\n -Bu tap\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lki ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirdikd\u0259, daha geni\u015f bir m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r:<\/span> Bo\u015fanma zaman\u0131 \u0259mlak b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n tez-tez pozulmas\u0131, \u0259mlak, dem\u0259k ki, girov kimi istifad\u0259 oluna bil\u0259c\u0259k aktiv kimi d\u0259 \u0259l\u00e7atan olmur;<\/span><\/p>\n Bu iki amil bir araya g\u0259ldikd\u0259, qad\u0131n sahibkar\u0131n h\u0259m \u00f6z kapital\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 kredit \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn girovu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ikiqat mane\u0259 il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si ehtimal\u0131 art\u0131r.<\/span> R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r ayd\u0131n bir tendensiya g\u00f6st\u0259rir:<\/span> Bunun s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri \u2014 girov t\u0259l\u0259bi, \u0259mlak m\u00fclkiyy\u0259tinin qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc, maliyy\u0259 institutlar\u0131nda formal olmayan q\u0259r\u0259zlilik v\u0259 m\u0259lumats\u0131zl\u0131q \u2014 sistemli xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r;<\/span> Qeyd: S\u0130F v\u0259 dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259t maliyy\u0259 qurumlar\u0131 kredit alanlar\u0131n tam gender b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fct\u0259madi, standartla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f formada a\u00e7\u0131qlam\u0131r. M\u00f6vcud r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 m\u0259tbuat a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar\u0131ndan toplan\u0131b. Sistemli, illik, ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q gender statistikas\u0131 olmadan bu bo\u015flu\u011fun h\u0259qiqi miqyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259qiq \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir. Bu, h\u0259m media, h\u0259m d\u0259 siyas\u0259t qurucular\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u00f6vb\u0259ti add\u0131m ola bil\u0259r: \u015f\u0259ffaf, m\u00fct\u0259madi gender-b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f maliyy\u0259 statistikas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259b olunmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r: D\u00f6vl\u0259t Statistika Komit\u0259si, Sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131 Fondu (LinkedIn r\u0259smi s\u0259hif\u0259si, Bancoaz vasit\u0259sil\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar), Bankeraz, Musavatcom (V\u00fcqar Bayramovun a\u00e7\u0131qlamas\u0131), \u018fliyeva Y. v\u0259 Zeynalova B. “Qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyas\u0259tinin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si” ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131, Modern.az, AzRanking.az (maliyy\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259si), Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Vergil\u0259r Nazirliyi (\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcqavil\u0259si\/xidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7isi), Vergi.az, Muhasibat.az<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n K\u00f6n\u00fcl Al\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259 “g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n”, kreditd\u0259 “g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259n”: Az\u0259rbaycanda qad\u0131n sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maliyy\u0259 paradoksu diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir. -R\u0259smi statistika, d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar\u0131 v\u0259 akademik ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manset","category-olke"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/IMG_20260831_110651.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25596"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25598,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596\/revisions\/25598"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/25601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/basta2.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n25,4%- k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131<\/span>
\n21,5% -ticar\u0259t<\/span>
\n35,3% – xidm\u0259t sektoru<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u0130qtisadiyyat Nazirliyi yan\u0131nda Sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131 Fondunun (S\u0130F) a\u00e7\u0131qlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lumatlara g\u00f6r\u0259,<\/span>
\n2023-c\u00fc ilin ilk 11 ay\u0131nda c\u0259mi 251 qad\u0131n sahibkara 14,5 milyon manat g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli kredit verilib.<\/span>
\n2024-c\u00fc ilin yanvar-avqust aylar\u0131nda (8 ay): 140 qad\u0131n sahibkara 9,9 milyon manat kredit ayr\u0131l\u0131b.<\/span>
\nM\u00fcqayis\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fcmumi m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259y\u0259 baxsaq, S\u0130F-in r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin a\u00e7\u0131qlamas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, fondun yaranmas\u0131ndan b\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli kreditl\u0259rd\u0259n 52 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox sahibkar yararlan\u0131b, \u00fcmumi m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f is\u0259 3,3 milyard manatdan \u00e7oxdur. T\u0259kc\u0259 2024-c\u00fc ild\u0259 kredit alan sahibkarlar\u0131n say\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lki ill\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 74,7% artaraq 7 222-y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nN\u0259tic\u0259 is\u0259 budur: r\u0259smi statistikada “f\u0259rdi sahibkar” kateqoriyas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si \u0259slind\u0259 biznes qurmay\u0131b, onlar\u0131n he\u00e7 bir i\u015f\u00e7isi, investisiyas\u0131, kapital d\u00f6vriyy\u0259si v\u0259 ya bazar strategiyas\u0131 yoxdur. Onlar sad\u0259c\u0259 bir v\u0259 ya bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sifari\u015f\u00e7i \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir v\u0259 vergi qanunvericiliyinin t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 formal “sahibkar” statusuna sahib olurlar. Praktiki m\u0259nada onlar\u0131n i\u015f format\u0131 \u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcqavil\u0259si il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n adi i\u015f\u00e7id\u0259n \u00e7ox az f\u0259rql\u0259nir. Sad\u0259c\u0259 h\u00fcquqi don f\u0259rqlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nXidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u0259sas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n, vergi qanunvericiliyinin t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 formal V\u00d6EN-\u0259 malik olan s\u0259rb\u0259st pe\u015f\u0259 sahibl\u0259ri (jurnalist, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i, konsultant v\u0259 s.), bunlar \u0259slind\u0259 kredit, girov, investisiya axtarm\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti “biznes b\u00f6y\u00fctm\u0259k” m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 deyil, f\u0259rdi \u0259m\u0259k g\u0259liri m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u018fg\u0259r 300 000 r\u0259q\u0259minin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli hiss\u0259si \u0259slind\u0259 kredit axtarmayan, xidm\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u0259sasl\u0131 V\u00d6EN sahibl\u0259ridirs\u0259, onda “real” kredit t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n say\u0131 g\u00fcman edildiyind\u0259n xeyli azd\u0131r- bu is\u0259 kredit alanlar\u0131n nisbi pay\u0131n\u0131 (6%) bir q\u0259d\u0259r yuxar\u0131 ola bil\u0259c\u0259yi m\u0259nas\u0131na g\u0259lir, \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u00fcqayis\u0259 bazas\u0131 (m\u0259xr\u0259c) \u015fi\u015firdilmi\u015f ola bil\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u0130qtisad\u00e7\u0131 V\u00fcqar Bayramovun m\u00f6vqeyi ayd\u0131nd\u0131r: qad\u0131nlar\u0131n iqtisadi g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si onlar\u0131n maliyy\u0259 resurslar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir. O, konkret t\u0259klif ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcb ki, S\u0130F-in kreditl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si prioritet istiqam\u0259t kimi r\u0259sm\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilsin, \u00e7\u00fcnki haz\u0131rda fondun kreditl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n pay\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259dir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nMakro s\u0259viyy\u0259li mane\u0259l\u0259r, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n bazarlara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudlu\u011fu, mobillik probleml\u0259ri;<\/span>
\nMaliyy\u0259 institutlar\u0131nda gender q\u0259r\u0259zliliyi, bank v\u0259 qeyri-bank maliyy\u0259 qurumlar\u0131nda kredit q\u0259rarlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259bulunda formal olmayan, amma real t\u0259sir\u0259 malik q\u0259r\u0259zli yana\u015fmalar;<\/span>
\nM\u0259lumats\u0131zl\u0131q – qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n bir \u00e7oxunun m\u00f6vcud g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli proqramlardan x\u0259b\u0259rsiz olmas\u0131, bu da sui-istifad\u0259 hallar\u0131na da r\u0259vac verir.<\/span>
\nPraktiki mane\u0259 – girov t\u0259l\u0259bi. Kredit almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r aktivl\u0259r girov qoyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun qad\u0131nlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lav\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik yaratmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi ayd\u0131nd\u0131r, \u0259vv\u0259lki ara\u015fd\u0131rmam\u0131zda g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyimiz kimi, Az\u0259rbaycanda da\u015f\u0131nmaz \u0259mlak\u0131n m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququ \u00e7ox vaxt ki\u015finin ad\u0131na r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilir. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 qad\u0131n sahibkar, h\u0259tta g\u00fccl\u00fc biznes ideyas\u0131 olsa bel\u0259, kredit \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan girov t\u0259minat\u0131na formal olaraq sahib olmaya bil\u0259r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nQad\u0131nlar\u0131n orta \u0259m\u0259khaqq\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259rinkinin ~69%-ini t\u0259\u015fkil edir, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6z v\u0259saiti il\u0259 biznes\u0259 investisiya etm\u0259k imkan\u0131 da m\u0259hduddur;<\/span><\/p>\n
\nBel\u0259likl\u0259, “qad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n kredit\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131” problemi t\u0259crid olunmu\u015f bir m\u00f6vzu deyil, bu, gender \u0259sasl\u0131 iqtisadi b\u0259rab\u0259rsizliyin bir hiss\u0259si, \u0259vv\u0259lki b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikl\u0259rin (maa\u015f f\u0259rqi, \u0259mlak h\u00fcququ) davam\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sidir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nQad\u0131n sahibkarlar\u0131n say\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr (300 000+), amma d\u00f6vl\u0259tin g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftli maliyy\u0259 mexanizml\u0259rind\u0259n yararlanan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n say\u0131 illik y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr;<\/span>
\nKredit alanlar aras\u0131nda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n pay\u0131 (~6% civar\u0131nda qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir) \u00fcmumi sahibkarl\u0131qdak\u0131 qad\u0131n pay\u0131ndan xeyli a\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r;<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u0130qtisad\u00e7\u0131lar art\u0131q konkret h\u0259ll t\u0259klif edir: S\u0130F kreditl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n sahibkarlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn r\u0259smi prioritet kvota v\u0259 ya \u0445\u00fcsusi proqram m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si;<\/span>
\nMetodoloji x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q: “300 000 qad\u0131n sahibkar” r\u0259q\u0259mi ehtimal ki, real biznes sahibl\u0259rini v\u0259 vergi qanunvericiliyinin t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 formal V\u00d6EN a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f xidm\u0259t-m\u00fcqavil\u0259li s\u0259rb\u0259st pe\u015f\u0259 sahibl\u0259rini (jurnalist, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i, konsultant v\u0259 s.) qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu iki qrup aras\u0131nda r\u0259smi ayr\u0131m apar\u0131lan statistika olmadan, “kredit \u0259l\u00e7atanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fu”nun d\u0259qiq miqyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir, baxmayaraq ki, u\u00e7urumun istiqam\u0259ti (qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259leyhin\u0259) b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ssenaril\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259z qal\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n